III. Q. It digests carbohydrates ,proteins and fats in the small intestine .
Ans 1. Pancreatic juice .
Q. It transports the nutrients from the digested food to every cell of the body.
Ans 2. Blood.
Q. It breaks down starch into sugar in the mouth.
Ans 3. Amylase.
Q. It produces bile juice.
Ans 4. Liver.
Q. A digestive juice secreted by the stomach.
Ans 5. Gastric juice .
Q. When fat gets digested ,it is broken down into these small molecules.
Ans 6. Small fatty acid molecules.
Q. It protects the lining of the stomach.
Ans 7. Mucus.
Q. The long ,narrow coiled tube where digestion ends.
Ans 8. Small intestine .
IV. Q. What is digestion?
Ans 1. The process of breakdown of useful complex substances into carbohydrates, proteins and fats into simple usable substances is called digestion.
Q. Name the organs of the digestive system.
Ans 2. The organs of digestive system are : Mouth, Oesophagus , Stomach , Liver , Pancreas , Small intestine and Large intestine .
Q. Differentiate between incisors and canines.
Ans 3. Incisors
1) The front four teeth on each jaw are incisors.
2) They are flat and have sharp edge .
3) They are used to bite or cut food .
4) They are also called ” cutting teeth”.
Canines
1. These are present on both side of incisors on each jaw.
2. These are sharp pointed tooth.
3. They are used to tear food .
4. They are also called “tearing teeth“
Q. Name any one digestive juice and describe its role in digestion.
Ans 4. Bile is a digestive juice . Its function is to break fats into fatty acids .
Q. What are villi? Where are they located?
Ans 5. Villi are finger like projections .
They are present in the inner walls of small intestine .
Q. How does the human body obtain fatty acids?
Ans 6. During the process of digestion large fat molecules such as butter ,oil ,milk ,fish ,meat etc gets converted into small fatty acid molecules , and are obtained by the human body.
V. Q. Describe the digestion of carbohydrates.
Ans 1. The digestion of carbohydrates present in the food begins in the mouth . As the food is chewed , the salivary glands secrete saliva , a digestive juice which contains amylase . This amylase then helps further in the breakdown of carbohydrates (starch) into sugars.
Q. How are proteins in your food digested?
Ans 2. Gastric juice which contains pepsin starts the digestion of proteins. Now, the semidigested food called chyme leaves the stomach and enters small intestine and the pancreatic juice from the pancreas breaks down complex protein molecules into small molecules of amino acid.
Q. How is energy obtained by the cells of our body?
Ans 3. After breakdown of carbohydrates into simple sugar molecules , complex protein molecules into small molecules of amino acids and large fat molecules into small fatty acid molecules by the process of digestion these gets passed into the blood and it carries all these useful substances to each and every part of the body for growth and maintenance . In this way energy is obtained by the cells of our body.
Q. Describe the digestive system of a ruminant.
Ans 4. The digestive system of ruminant occurs in the four- chambered stomach. The first chamber is called the rumen. It consist millions of micro organisms and secrete a large amount of saliva . In the rumen the chewed food mixes with the microorganisms and starts being digested . Now the regurgitated
food called cud passes through the two other chambers before it reaches the fourth chamber of the stomach. Proteins are then digested by the action of Hydrochloric acid and gastric juice .
Q. Explain nutrition in Amoeba
Ans 5. Amoeba are microscopic ,unicellular living things.
Nutrition in amoeba starts by the process of ingestion where they sense a food particle ,move towards them and then engulfs it. Then starts digestion in which food vacuole is formed around the food particle containing digestive juices which helps down in the breakdown of food particles into simple substances . This is followed by assimilation where amoeba uses this substance and then lastly by egestion.
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